5.1-5.2: Model Driven Programmability & Management

🤖 5.1 Model Driven Programmability

What is Model Driven Programmability?

Model Driven Programmability uses standardized data models (YANG) to configure and manage network devices. Instead of CLI commands, you work with structured data models.

graph TD A["Model Driven Programmability"] --> B["YANG Models"] A --> C["NETCONF"] A --> D["RESTCONF"] B --> B1["IETF"] B --> B2["OpenConfig"] B --> B3["Cisco Native"] C --> C1["XML-based"] C --> C2["Port 830"] D --> D1["REST API"] D --> D2["JSON/XML"] style A fill:#667eea,stroke:#764ba2,stroke-width:3px,color:#fff style B fill:#66bb6a,stroke:#2e7d32,stroke-width:2px,color:#fff style C fill:#42a5f5,stroke:#1976d2,stroke-width:2px,color:#fff style D fill:#ffa726,stroke:#e65100,stroke-width:2px,color:#fff

YANG Data Models

📄 Standardized Configuration Models

YANG is a data modeling language for network configuration and state data.

# YANG Model Example
module ietf-interfaces {
    namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-interfaces";
    prefix if;
    
    container interfaces {
        list interface {
            key "name";
            leaf name {
                type string;
            }
            leaf description {
                type string;
            }
            leaf enabled {
                type boolean;
                default true;
            }
        }
    }
}

NETCONF Protocol

🔌 XML-Based Configuration Protocol

NETCONF provides a standardized way to configure network devices using XML over SSH (port 830).

# Python NETCONF Example
from ncclient import manager

with manager.connect(
    host='192.168.1.1',
    port=830,
    username='admin',
    password='password',
    hostkey_verify=False
) as m:
    # Get configuration
    config = m.get_config(source='running')
    print(config)

RESTCONF Protocol

🌐 RESTful API for YANG Models

RESTCONF provides HTTP-based access to YANG data models.

# Python RESTCONF Example
import requests

url = "https://192.168.1.1/restconf/data/ietf-interfaces:interfaces"
headers = {
    "Content-Type": "application/yang-data+json",
    "Accept": "application/yang-data+json"
}

response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, auth=('admin', 'password'), verify=False)
print(response.json())

⚖️ 5.2 Controller vs Device Management

Overview

Controller-level management uses centralized controllers, while device-level management involves direct device configuration.

graph TD A["Network Management"] --> B["Controller-Level"] A --> C["Device-Level"] B --> B1["Cisco DNA Center"] B --> B2["Meraki Dashboard"] B --> B3["ACI APIC"] C --> C1["CLI"] C --> C2["NETCONF/RESTCONF"] C --> C3["APIs"] style A fill:#667eea,stroke:#764ba2,stroke-width:3px,color:#fff style B fill:#66bb6a,stroke:#2e7d32,stroke-width:2px,color:#fff style C fill:#42a5f5,stroke:#1976d2,stroke-width:2px,color:#fff

Controller-Level Management

🎯 Centralized Control

Controller-level management provides a single pane of glass for network operations.

Benefits

Centralized View: Single dashboard for entire network
Policy-Based: Define intent, controller implements
Automation: Bulk operations across devices
Simplified: Abstract complexity

# Controller API Example (DNA Center)
import requests

url = "https://dna-center.example.com/dna/intent/api/v1/network-device"
headers = {
    "X-Auth-Token": "your_token",
    "Content-Type": "application/json"
}

response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, verify=False)
devices = response.json()
print(f"Found {len(devices['response'])} devices")

Device-Level Management

🔧 Direct Device Control

Device-level management provides granular control over individual devices.

Use Cases

Troubleshooting: Direct access for debugging
Specific Features: Access device-specific features
Custom Config: Fine-grained control
Legacy Devices: Devices not managed by controller

# Device API Example (RESTCONF)
import requests

url = "https://192.168.1.1/restconf/data/ietf-interfaces:interfaces"
headers = {
    "Content-Type": "application/yang-data+json",
    "Accept": "application/yang-data+json"
}

response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, auth=('admin', 'password'), verify=False)
print(response.json())

Comparison Table

Aspect	Controller-Level	Device-Level
Scope	Network-wide	Per device
Complexity	Simplified	Detailed
Speed	Bulk operations	Individual config
Best For	Day-to-day operations	Troubleshooting

🐍 Interactive Python Interpreter

💡 How to use:

Write Python code in the editor
Click "▶ Run Code" to execute
Try sample code buttons

📝 Python Code Editor

# Model Driven Programmability Demo

print("🤖 MODEL DRIVEN PROGRAMMABILITY")
print("="*60)

programmability_topics = {
    'YANG Models': 'Standardized data models (IETF, OpenConfig, Cisco)',
    'NETCONF': 'XML-based protocol on port 830',
    'RESTCONF': 'HTTP REST API for YANG models',
    'Controller-Level': 'Centralized management (DNA Center, Meraki)',
    'Device-Level': 'Direct device configuration (CLI, APIs)'
}

for topic, desc in programmability_topics.items():
    print(f"{topic}: {desc}")

⚡ Console Output

Ready to execute Python code...

🤖 Infrastructure Automation